Inguinal Hernia in Lincolnshire

An inguinal hernia, also referred to as a 'groin hernia', occurs when abdominal fat or part of the intestine pushes through a weakened area of muscle in the groin called the inguinal canal. This often causes a visible lump in the groin and may lead to discomfort or inguinal hernia pain. 

Inguinal hernias commonly develop as abdominal muscles weaken with age, but some babies are born with an abdominal wall that has not fully closed, making them more susceptible to developing an indirect inguinal hernia from a young age.

Here you can learn more about inguinal hernia symptoms, types of inguinal hernia, and what to expect from inguinal hernia surgery and recovery with Ramsay Health Care.

What is an inguinal hernia?

A hernia occurs when tissue, usually part of the intestine or abdominal fat, pushes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall, creating a small, protruding bulge. In an inguinal hernia, this happens specifically in the groin when tissue pushes into or through the inguinal canal. It is the most common type of hernia and is particularly common in men due to natural differences in the structure of the inguinal canal.

Inguinal hernias can be direct or indirect, depending on how and where the tissue protrudes. You can read more about hernias in general on our hernia treatment page.  

Direct inguinal hernias

A direct inguinal hernia develops when the abdominal wall becomes weakened over time, allowing tissue to push directly through the back of the inguinal canal. 

These hernias usually occur in adults, particularly older men, and are often linked to ageing, chronic strain, or previous abdominal injury. 

Indirect inguinal hernias

An indirect inguinal hernia is caused by a congenital issue where the natural opening into the inguinal canal (the inguinal ring) does not fully close before birth. Instead of pushing through a weakened area, the intestine travels through this open passageway and into the canal.

Indirect inguinal hernias can occur in babies, children, and adults, but they are especially common in boys and men.

Who is affected by inguinal hernias?

Anyone can develop an inguinal hernia, but they are significantly more common in men. This is partly because the male inguinal canal is wider and structurally weaker, making it more prone to the development of both direct and indirect inguinal hernias.

That said, women can also develop inguinal hernias. Although less common, they may be harder to diagnose because groin lumps can be smaller or mistaken for other conditions. Pregnancy, chronic coughing, and frequent heavy lifting can increase the risk for women.

• Direct inguinal hernias mainly occur in adults and are more common in men, often developing as abdominal muscles weaken with age.

• Indirect inguinal hernias can appear at any age because they begin with a congenital opening at the inguinal ring. They are more frequently seen in boys and men but can also affect girls and women.

Are inguinal hernias serious?

Inguinal hernias are not always immediately dangerous, but they will not heal on their own and can gradually worsen over time. As the opening in the abdominal wall becomes larger and weaker, more tissue can push through, increasing the risk of the hernia becoming trapped.  

A trapped hernia can become strangulated, where the blood supply to the herniated tissue is cut off. This is a medical emergency that can lead to tissue death (necrosis), severe infection, and can be life-threatening without urgent treatment. Because of this, any ongoing inguinal hernia pain, a firm or tender bulge, or symptoms such as nausea or vomiting should always be reviewed promptly.

What are the symptoms of an inguinal hernia?

The most common inguinal hernia symptoms include:

• A visible or palpable bulge in the groin – often more noticeable when standing and may disappear when lying down.

• Aching, burning, or sharp pain in the groin that worsens when bending, coughing, lifting, straining, or standing for long periods.

• A feeling of heaviness, pressure, or weakness in the groin.

• Swelling or discomfort in the testicles (in boys and men), caused by the hernia descending into the scrotum.

Symptoms may worsen gradually over time, particularly with activities that increase abdominal pressure.

What causes an inguinal hernia?

Inguinal hernias develop when part of the intestine or abdominal fat pushes through a weak area in the abdominal wall. This can be caused by:

• A weakness in the abdominal wall that develops naturally with age.

• Increased abdominal pressure, such as from heavy lifting, chronic coughing, pregnancy, or straining during bowel movements.

• A congenital (present at birth) opening where the inguinal ring fails to close – this causes indirect inguinal hernias.

What are the risk factors of an inguinal hernia?

Inguinal hernias occur due to a combination of muscle weakness and abdominal strain, but certain factors increase your likelihood of developing one:

• Being male - Men are more likely to develop both direct and indirect inguinal hernias because the inguinal canal is larger and structurally weaker.

• Ageing - Our abdominal muscles weaken as we age, making direct inguinal hernias more common after age 50.

• Family history - A close relative with an inguinal hernia increases your risk.

• Chronic constipation - Or frequent straining, making it more likely you’ll strain and increase pressure in the lower abdomen.

• Excess visceral fat, which increases abdominal pressure.

• Smoking can weaken connective tissue and muscle strength.

• Connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.

• Premature birth, which increases the likelihood of the inguinal ring remaining open, leading to an indirect hernia.

Potential complications of an inguinal hernia

If an inguinal hernia is left untreated, it will not heal on its own and can gradually become larger or more uncomfortable. Over time, this increases the risk of complications, such as:

• An incarcerated hernia – When the protruding intestine or fat becomes trapped and cannot be pushed back into the abdomen. This can cause persistent inguinal hernia pain, swelling, and in men, discomfort that may extend into the testicles. 

• Bowel obstruction - A trapped loop of bowel can become compressed, stopping the normal passage of stool and gas. This may lead to abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty opening your bowels.

• A strangulated hernia - A medical emergency where the blood supply to the trapped tissue is cut off. Without rapid treatment, this can lead to tissue death (necrosis), severe infection, and life-threatening complications. Symptoms can include severe pain, fever, vomiting, and a firm or discoloured bulge.

Inguinal hernia diagnosis

Diagnosing an inguinal hernia usually begins with a physical examination. Your consultant will check for a visible or palpable bulge in your groin and may ask you to cough or stand, as this can make the hernia easier to detect. This assessment, combined with a discussion of your inguinal hernia symptoms and your medical history, is often enough for a clear diagnosis.

If the hernia is small, difficult to see, or if your symptoms are unclear, your Ramsay consultant may recommend imaging tests such as:

● Ultrasound scan – the most commonly used imaging test, helpful for identifying small or hidden hernias.

● CT scan – used in more complex cases, or if another abdominal condition needs to be ruled out.

These tests help confirm the diagnosis and ensure you receive the most appropriate treatment plan.

Inguinal hernia surgery and treatment

An inguinal hernia will not heal on its own. The only way to repair it fully is through inguinal hernia surgery. Surgery becomes especially important if your hernia increases in size, causes persistent inguinal hernia pain, or shows signs of incarceration (a trapped hernia) or strangulation (compromised blood supply). These complications require urgent medical attention.

Non-surgical options can help relieve inguinal hernia symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.  These include:

• Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce abdominal pressure.

• Eating a high-fibre diet to avoid constipation and straining.

• Avoiding heavy lifting or sudden exertion.

• Stopping smoking to reduce coughing and support connective-tissue health.

• Using a hernia truss or belt for short-term symptom relief.

• Treating allergies or respiratory infections that cause chronic coughing or sneezing.

These measures will not repair the hernia, but they may help reduce day-to-day discomfort until surgery is recommended.

Types of inguinal hernia surgery

Inguinal hernia repair is a common procedure performed using either open or laparoscopic (keyhole) surgery. Your surgeon will discuss the most suitable approach based on the type of hernia (direct or indirect inguinal hernia), your symptoms, and your general health.

Open inguinal hernia surgery

• A single incision is made in your groin.

• The herniated tissue is gently moved back into the abdomen.

• The weakness in the abdominal wall is repaired using stitches, and in most cases, a reinforcing mesh (open mesh repair).

• The incision is closed and dressed.

Open repair is often recommended for large or recurrent hernias, and for some patients who are not suitable for laparoscopic surgery. 

Keyhole inguinal hernia surgery

• Several small incisions (cuts) are made in the lower abdomen.

• A laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) is inserted to guide the procedure.

• Small surgical instruments are used to repair the abdominal wall from the inside and place mesh over the weakened area.

• The incisions are closed with small stitches or adhesive strips.

Because it’s minimally invasive, laparoscopic repair typically results in: 

• Faster recovery

• Smaller scars

• Lower levels of post-operative pain

• A quicker return to normal activities

Both techniques are usually performed under general anaesthesia. Your Ramsay consultant will explain the benefits of each option to help you make an informed decision.

You can read more about both types of surgery here. 

What is the best treatment for an inguinal hernia?

The best treatment depends on the size of your hernia, symptoms, and your overall health. 

Common treatment approaches include:

• Watchful waiting – Suitable for smaller, painless hernias. Your surgeon may recommend monitoring for any change in size or symptoms.

• Lifestyle modifications - Avoiding heavy lifting, maintaining a healthy weight, and preventing constipation can help reduce discomfort. 

• Surgical inguinal hernia repair – Recommended for symptomatic, growing, or complicated hernias. 

What will happen if an inguinal hernia is left untreated?

If you leave an inguinal hernia untreated, it may remain stable or gradually get bigger. Larger hernias are more likely to cause discomfort, limit daily activities, and lead to complications such as incarceration or strangulation. 

Although some people safely ‘watch and wait’ for a period of time, the only cure for an inguinal hernia is surgical repair. If your hernia grows or becomes more painful, surgery will usually be recommended.

What are the potential complications from inguinal hernia surgery?

Inguinal hernia repair surgery is a safe and commonly performed procedure. Most people recover without issues, but as with any procedure, complications can occur.

Possible complications include:

• Groin pain

• Bruising or swelling around the hernia site

• A small lump where the hernia was (usually temporary)

• Numbness or altered sensation in the groin

• Wound or mesh infection

• Recurrence of the hernia

• Fluid or blood collecting in the space where the hernia was

• Injury to nearby structures (blood vessels, nerves, bowel, or bladder)

• Swelling or bruising of the testicles or base of the penis (in men)

• Rarely, reduced blood supply to the testicles or damage to the vas deferens tube (in men)

Your Ramsay consultant will discuss these risks with you and explain what to expect from your recovery.

Inguinal hernia recovery

Most inguinal hernia repair procedures are completed as day-case surgeries, meaning you can usually go home the same day. You’ll need someone to drive you home and stay with you for the first 24 hours after your operation.

Your recovery time will depend on whether you had open hernia surgery or laparoscopic (keyhole) hernia surgery. As a general guide:

Laparoscopic repair

• Return to most normal daily activities within 1 to 2 weeks.

• Return to exercise, more strenuous activity, and lifting by around 5 to 6 weeks.

Open repair 

• Return to most normal daily activities within 3 to 4 weeks.

• Return to exercise, more strenuous activity, and lifting by around 7 to 8 weeks.

You can read more in our blog: Dos and Don’ts After Inguinal Hernia Surgery.

To support your recovery, you should:

• Take pain relief, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, as advised.

• Care for your wound properly (keep it clean, dry, and covered for the first 48 hours, pat the area dry after showering, avoid rubbing, etc).

• Avoid constipation by eating a high-fibre diet and drinking plenty of fluids.

• Support your wound when coughing or sneezing (placing a hand or small pillow over it).

• Keep moving gently, such as light walking, and increase activity gradually.

• Take time off work at first - usually 1 or 2 weeks for sedentary jobs, longer if your job is active or manual, depending on the type of work.

• Follow any specific aftercare advice and instructions provided by your Ramsay healthcare team.

To aid healing and reduce complications, you should avoid:

• Heavy lifting, strenuous activity, or vigorous exercise for at least 4 weeks after laparoscopic repair, longer (around 6–8 weeks) after open repair.

• Getting your wound wet until it has healed (usually around 2 weeks).

• Driving until your surgeon confirms you’re safe to do so (commonly around 2 weeks).

• Straining when going to the toilet—use stool softeners if recommended.

• Wearing tight clothing that may rub against or compress the wound area.

What is the cost of an inguinal hernia procedure?

The cost of inguinal hernia surgery will vary depending on whether you have open or keyhole surgery, as well as the Ramsay hospital you choose.

You’ll receive a guide package price before your consultation, followed by a formal quotation after you have seen one of our expert surgeons. This formal quote is valid for 60 days and includes unlimited aftercare, so you know exactly what to expect with no hidden charges.

If you are self-funding your inguinal hernia repair, we offer several flexible finance options:

• Interest-free finance – No deposit required, with the option to spread the cost through monthly instalments at 0% interest. 

• All-inclusive Total Care – A single pre-agreed price that covers every aspect of your treatment, giving complete reassurance and no unexpected costs. 

• Pay as you go – A flexible option allowing you to pay for appointments, tests, and treatment as they are needed.

• Medical insurance – Most health insurance providers cover inguinal hernia surgery. We recommend checking your policy and obtaining written authorisation before starting treatment.

Why choose a private inguinal hernia surgery?

Choosing private inguinal hernia surgery offers a range of advantages that can support faster treatment and a smoother experience. 

• Faster access to diagnosis and treatment – Avoid long waiting lists and schedule surgery sooner.

• More flexibility and convenience – Choose appointment times that fit your lifestyle.

• Greater choice – In many cases, you can select your consultant and preferred hospital location.

• Comfortable, modern facilities – Private hospitals typically offer quieter settings and enhanced privacy.

• Continuity of care – See the same clinical team throughout your journey.

• Comprehensive aftercare – Private care often includes structured follow-up and easy access to support if you have concerns during recovery.

Inguinal hernia surgery at Ramsay Health Care

When you choose inguinal hernia repair surgery at Ramsay Health Care, you receive all the advantages of private treatment alongside Ramsay’s specialist expertise and patient-centred approach:

• Fast access to consultations, scans, and inguinal hernia surgery across our nationwide network.

• Expert surgeons experienced in both open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

• Modern, state-of-the-art Ramsay hospitals with high-quality clinical environments.

• Personalised care from your consultation through to your recovery, led by your dedicated Ramsay team.

• Convenient locations – Choose a Ramsay hospital close to home or work.

• Choice of consultant (where possible) so you feel confident and comfortable with your surgeon.

• Unlimited aftercare – If you experience a complication related to your procedure, we’ll provide all required treatment and support at no extra cost.

• Access to specialist physiotherapists who can guide your recovery after inguinal hernia repair.

Contact us today to speak to one of our advisors, learn more about inguinal hernia surgery at Ramsay Health Care, and book an appointment with us. You can also research consultant availability and book an appointment online at a time convenient to you.

Inguinal hernia surgery FAQs