Photodynamic therapy is a targeted, light‑activated treatment that safely removes abnormal skin cells with minimal damage, discomfort, and scarring.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment that uses a light‑sensitive medicine and a specific light source to target and destroy abnormal or pre‑cancerous cells while preserving the surrounding healthy tissue.
It is commonly used for certain skin conditions, early skin cancers, and sun‑damaged areas that may become cancerous if left untreated. It is delivered by specialist clinicians and offers an effective alternative to surgery with excellent cosmetic outcomes for suitable lesions.
PDT combines three elements:
A photosensitising medicine applied as a cream, taken orally, or given by injection.
A light source (lamp, laser, or daylight) that activates the medicine.
Oxygen in the tissue, which reacts with the activated medicine to destroy abnormal cells.
Once activated by light, the medicine produces reactive oxygen molecules that selectively damage abnormal cells while sparing most healthy tissue. This makes PDT particularly useful for treating superficial skin cancers and pre‑cancerous changes.
PDT is used for skin conditions where the light can reach the affected area. These include:
Actinic keratoses (sun‑damaged, pre‑cancerous patches)
Bowen’s disease (squamous cell carcinoma in situ)
Superficial basal cell carcinoma
Field cancerisation for larger areas of sun‑damaged skin
Occasionally: acne, viral warts, or other conditions when conventional treatments are unsuitable
PDT may also be used in specialist centres for internal conditions such as Barrett’s oesophagus or early oesophageal and lung cancers, where light can be delivered via an endoscope.
This is performed in two stages:
Preparation - a photosensitising cream or gel is applied to the treatment area. Loose crusts or scales may be removed first. The area is covered for around 3 hours while the medicine is absorbed and converted into its active form.
Light activation - the cream is removed and a bright red or blue light is directed onto the area for 10 to 45 minutes, depending on the device used. A dressing is applied afterwards to protect the skin from further light exposure.
A gentler alternative for suitable skin conditions:
The photosensitising cream is applied.
You spend 2 hours outdoors in daylight to activate the medicine.
The area is then covered for the rest of the day.
Daylight PDT is often less painful than conventional PDT.
Healing typically takes 2 to 6 weeks, depending on the area treated. You may experience:
Redness, swelling, or crusting
Mild blistering
Temporary changes in skin colour
Sensitivity to light if the medicine was taken orally or injected (up to 6 weeks)
Your clinician will advise on wound care, dressings, and sun protection.
The benefits of PDT include:
Minimally invasive
Highly targeted treatment
Minimal scarring compared with surgery
Can be repeated if needed
Effective for cosmetically sensitive areas (face, scalp)
Most side effects are temporary and include:
Burning or stinging during light exposure
Redness, swelling, crusting
Itching or discomfort for a few days
Rarely: blistering, ulceration, infection, or mild scarring
Your clinician will discuss suitability and any precautions, including allergies (e.g., peanut oil in some creams) and conditions such as porphyria.
Choosing photodynamic therapy with Ramsay means receiving expert care in calm, modern clinical environments, supported by specialists who focus on skin cancer, pre‑cancerous conditions, and advanced light‑based treatments. From your first enquiry to your final follow‑up, you’re looked after by a team committed to safety, comfort, and excellent cosmetic outcomes.
Patients often choose us as we have:
Consultant dermatologists and skin cancer specialists experienced in PDT for actinic keratoses, Bowen’s disease, and superficial basal cell carcinoma.
Fast access to treatment with short waiting times and streamlined self‑pay pathways.
Advanced PDT equipment for precise, effective treatment and minimal scarring.
Personalised care plans tailored to your skin type, condition, and comfort needs.
Dedicated aftercare including wound care guidance and sun‑safety support.
Convenient UK locations offering treatment close to home.
Self‑pay and insurance options with clear pricing and support for insured patients.
If you’re concerned about a skin condition or you’ve been advised to consider photodynamic therapy, our team can help you take the next step.
Book an appointment or speak with our advisors to find out more and arrange fast access to a consultant dermatologist.
During conventional PDT, you may feel burning or stinging while the light is applied. This usually settles quickly once the light stops. Daylight PDT is typically much more comfortable.
Most people heal within 2 to 6 weeks, depending on the size and location of the treated area.
Some conditions require repeat PDT sessions. Your clinician will assess healing at your follow‑up appointment.
Yes. PDT is often chosen for facial lesions because it offers excellent cosmetic outcomes with minimal scarring.
PDT is considered very safe when used for approved conditions. Side effects are usually mild and temporary.
PDT is not recommended for people with porphyria, certain allergies (e.g., peanut oil), or during pregnancy.
Dr Tony Downs is an experienced consultant dermatologist providing advice and treatment in all aspects of medical, surgical and cosmetic dermatology.
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Ramsay Health Care UK, announces a new partnership with Doctor Care Anywhere, one of the UK’s leading virtual primary care providers. The collaboration will give Ramsay patients fast, convenient access to self-pay online GP appointments, with seamless onward referrals into Ramsay’s network of hospitals and specialists where secondary care is required.
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